European political foundation

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This article is about political foundations affiliated to European political parties. For the European political parties themselves, see European political party.

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A European political foundation, known formally as a political foundation at European level[1] and informally as a European foundation, is a type of political foundation affiliated to, but independent from, a European party and operating transnationally in the European Union (EU). They are regulated and funded by EU Regulation 1141/2014 on the statute and funding of European political parties and European political foundations, and their operations are supervised by the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations (APPF). European political foundations carry specific political activities and are networks of national political foundations.

Timeline[edit]

2003[edit]

Regulation (EC) No 2004/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003[2] defined what a Europarty, or political party at European level, was and tightened up their regulation.

2007[edit]

That regulation was later heavily amended by Regulation (EC) No 1524/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2007.[3] That amendment provided for the earlier-floated[4] concept of a political foundation at European level, a legally separate affiliate to a Europarty created to help them disseminate their principles to a wider audience.

An initial one million euros[5] was allocated for pilot proposals, and Call For Proposals DG/EAC/29/2007 went out with a deadline of 28 September 2007.[5] Ten[6] organizations were picked (one for each Europarty[7]) and money was allocated with an expiry date of 31 August 2008.[5][8][9]

Regulations[edit]

As of 1 November 2008, the regulation governing Eurofoundations is Regulation (EC) No 2004/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003,[10] as later amended[11] under codecision (see above). That regulation's European Commission factsheet is given here.

Funding[edit]

Their total allocated funding for 2008 is €5,000,000.[7]

European political foundations[edit]

Registered European foundations[edit]

As of June 2024, there are ten European political foundations registered with the APPF:[12]

Name President Founded European political party Political Group Position Ideology European integration
Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies Mikuláš Dzurinda (SK) 2007 European People's Party EPP Group Centre-right Christian democracy,
Liberal conservatism[13] 		Pro-Europeanism[14]
Foundation for European Progressive Studies Maria João Rodrigues (PT) 2008 Party of European Socialists S&D Centre-left Social democracy[13] Pro-Europeanism[14]
European Liberal Forum Hilde Vautmans (BE) 2007 Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party Renew Centre Liberalism[13] Pro-Europeanism[14]
Green European Foundation Dirk Holemans (BE), Susanne Rieger (AT) 2008 European Green Party Greens/EFA Centre-left to left-wing Green politics[13] Pro-Europeanism[14]
New Direction Tomasz Poręba (PL) 2010 European Conservatives and Reformists Party ECR Right-wing Conservatism,
National conservatism[15][16]
Economic liberalism[13][17] 		Soft Euroscepticism[14][18][19]
Identity and Democracy Foundation[note 1] Mathilde Androuët (FR) 2015 Identity and Democracy Party ID Right-wing to far-right National conservatism, Right-wing populism[13] Euroscepticism[18]
Transform Europe Marga Ferre (ES), Cornelia Hildebrandt (DE) 2001 Party of the European Left The Left Left-wing to far-left Democratic socialism,
Communism[13] 		Soft Euroscepticism[19]
Institute of European Democrats Francesco Rutelli (IT) 2004 European Democratic Party Renew Centre Centrism[13] Pro-Europeanism[20][21]
Coppieters Foundation Xabier Macias Virgós (ES) 2007 European Free Alliance Greens/EFA Big tent Regionalism,
Separatism,
Ethnic minority interests[13] 		Pro-Europeanism[14]
Sallux David Fieldsend (UK) 2011 European Christian Political Movement ECR, EPP Group Centre-right to right-wing Christian right,
Social conservatism[13] 		Soft Euroscepticism[14]

Former European foundations[edit]

The entities below were formerly registered with the APPF.[22]

European political foundation Timeline Politics
Name Abbr. Affiliated with Founded Removed from register Ideology European integration
Europa Terra Nostra ETN Alliance for Peace and Freedom 24 April 2018 13 September 2018[23] Ultranationalism,[24] Neo-fascism[25] Hard Euroscepticism[14]

The entities below qualified at some point for European public funding; however, they were never registered with the APPF.

European political foundation Timeline Politics
Name Abbr. Affiliated to Founded Dissolved Received European public funding Ideology European integration
EUROPA – Osservatorio sulle politiche dell'unione EUROPA Alliance for Europe of the Nations 2007 2009 2007-2008[note 2] Right-wing populism
National conservatism[13] 		Hard Euroscepticism[13]
Les Refondateurs Européens[note 3] AEN Alliance for Europe of the Nations 2007 2009 2007-2008[note 4] Conservatism
National conservatism[13] 		Hard Euroscepticism[14]
Foundation for EU Democracy FEUD Europeans United for Democracy 2007 2010 2007-2010 Soft Euroscepticism[26] Euroscepticism[13]
Organisation for European Interstate Cooperation OEIC Europeans United for Democracy 2011 2016 2011-2016 Soft Euroscepticism[27] Euroscepticism[13]
European Foundation for Freedom EFF European Alliance for Freedom 2011 2016 2011-2016 Souverainism
Right-wing populism
Nationalism 		Euroscepticism
Foundation for a Europe of Liberties and Democracy FELD Movement for a Europe of Liberties and Democracy 2012 2015 2012-2015 Ultranationalism
Right-wing populism 		Hard Euroscepticism
Identités et Traditions Européennes ITE Alliance of European National Movements 2013 2016 2013-2016 Ultranationalism
Right-wing populism 		Hard Euroscepticism
Initiative for Direct Democracy in Europe IDDE Alliance for Direct Democracy in Europe 2015 2016 2015-2015 Direct democracy
National conservatism[13]
Right-wing populism[13] 		Euroscepticism[13]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Listed as Association pour l’Identité et Démocratie Fondation by the APPF.
  2. ^ As part of the pilot programme of the European Commission.
  3. ^ Changed its name to "Association pour la Fédération Politique Européenne pour la Démocratie" in April 2008.
  4. ^ As part of the pilot programme of the European Commission.

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Political parties and political foundations at European level". European Parliament. Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  2. ^ "EUR-Lex – 32003R2004 – EN". Archived from the original on 27 September 2012. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  3. ^ Regulation (EC) No 1524/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2007 Archived 23 February 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
  4. ^ EU in drive to make Brussels more political Archived 4 June 2024 at the Wayback Machine euobserver.com 29 May 2007
  5. ^ a b c "European Commission > Citizenship > Pilot projects > Full Call For Proposals DG/EAC/29/2007" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 October 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2008.
  6. ^ "European Commission > Citizenship > Pilot projects > Selection results – Call 29/2007" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 February 2011. Retrieved 4 November 2008.
  7. ^ a b Press Release IP/07/1953 Archived 4 June 2024 at the Wayback Machine, Brussels, 18 December 2007 europa.eu
  8. ^ Details of the process were published here Archived 22 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine on the European Commission website
  9. ^ European Commission > Citizenship > Pilot projects > Calls for Proposals > Pilot projects for European political foundations Archived 22 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ "EUROPA". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  11. ^ "EUR-Lex – 2007_130 – EN – EUR-Lex". Archived from the original on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  12. ^ "Registered parties". Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations. Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "European Union". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 2 December 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i Demetriou, Kyriakos (2014). The European Union in Crisis : Explorations in Representation and Democratic Legitimacy. Springer. p. 46. ISBN 9783319087740.
  15. ^ "The Kremlin 'hosts' the European extreme right". OSW. 25 March 2015. Archived from the original on 26 January 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
  16. ^ Alan Siaroff (2019). Comparative European Party Systems: An Analysis of Parliamentary Elections Since 1945. Taylor & Francis. p. 469. ISBN 978-1-317-49876-6. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  17. ^ Baker, David; Schnapper, Pauline (2015). Britain and the Crisis of the European Union. Springer. p. 87. ISBN 9781137005205.
  18. ^ a b FitzGibbon, John; Leruth, Benjamin; Startin, Nick (2016). Euroscepticism as a Transnational and Pan-European Phenomenon : The Emergence of a New Sphere of Opposition. Routledge. p. 198. ISBN 9781317422501.
  19. ^ a b Whitaker, Richard; Lynch, Philip (2014). "Understanding the Formation and Actions of Eurosceptic Groups in the European Parliament: Pragmatism, Principles and Publicity". Government and Opposition. 49 (2): 232–263. doi:10.1017/gov.2013.40. hdl:2381/28315. ISSN 0017-257X. S2CID 36404558. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  20. ^ Kenealy, Daniel; Peterson, John; Corbett, Richard (2015). The European Union: How does it work? (4 ed.). OUP Oxford. p. 155. ISBN 978-0199685370.
  21. ^ Nathalie Brack; Olivier Costa (2014). How the EU Really Works. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 120. ISBN 978-1-4724-1465-6. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  22. ^ "Registered parties". Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  23. ^ To remove Europa Terra Nostra from the Register (Decision 2018/C 418/05, 19.11.2018). Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations. 13 September 2018.
  24. ^ "The Kremlin 'hosts' the European extreme right". osw.waw.pl. 25 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
  25. ^ Shaffer, Ryan (2018). "Pan-European thought in British fascism: the International Third Position and the Alliance for Peace and Freedom". Patterns of Prejudice. 52: 78–99. doi:10.1080/0031322X.2017.1417191. S2CID 148834755. The APF was founded in 2015 as a pan-European political party that included dozens of leading fascist officials from parties throughout Europe...
  26. ^ Calossi, Enrico (2016). Anti-Austerity Left Parties in the European Union. Competition, Coordination, Integration. Pisa: Pisa University Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-886741-6653.
  27. ^ Calossi, Enrico (2016). Anti-Austerity Left Parties in the European Union. Competition, Coordination, Integration. Pisa: Pisa University Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-886741-6653.

External links[edit]

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