User:Nyanardsan/sandbox/Bengkulu (city)
Bengkulu | |
|---|---|
| City of Bengkulu Kota Bengkulu | |
| Regional transcription(s) | |
| • Rejangese | ꤷꥍꤲ꥓ꤰꥈꤾꥈ |
     Clockwise from top left : Fort Marlborough, At-Taqwa Grand Mosque, Thomas Parr Monument, Aerial view of Bengkulu City, and Bung Karno Seclusion House | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location within Bengkulu Province | |
| Coordinates: 3°47′44″S 102°15′33″E / 3.79556°S 102.25917°E | |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Region | Sumatra |
| Province |  Bengkulu |
| Founded | 18 March 1719 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Helmi Hasan |
| • Vice Mayor | Dedy Wahyudi |
| Area | |
| • Total | 151.70 km2 (58.57 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 2 m (7 ft) |
| Population (mid 2022 estimate) | |
| • Total | 384,841 |
| • Density | 2,500/km2 (6,600/sq mi) |
| [1] | |
| Demographics | |
| • Ethnic groups | Rejang Malays Serawai Javanese Batak Minangkabau Chinese |
| • Religion[2] | Islam 95.43% Christianity 2.96% Catholic 0.81% Buddhism 0.35% Hinduism 0.06% Confucianism 0.01% Others 0.00% |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time) |
| Area code | (+62) 736 |
| Website | www |
Bengkulu (Indonesian pronunciation: [bəŋˈkulu]; Rejangese: ꤷꥍꤲ꥓ꤰꥈꤾꥈ), formerly Bencoolen (Dutch: Benkoelen) is the capital of the Indonesian province of Bengkulu. The city is the second largest city on the west coast of Sumatra Island after Padang. Previously this area was under the influence of the kingdom of Inderapura and the Sultanate of Banten. The city also became the exile of Sukarno from 1939 to 1942. It covers an area of 151.70 km2 and had a population of 308,544 at the 2010 Census[3] and 373,591 at the 2020 Census;[4] the official estimate as of mid-2022 was 384,841 (comprising 194,076 males and 190,765 females).[1] The city is also the only city in Bengkulu Province.
History[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Early and colonial era[edit]
Recent history[edit]
Geography[edit]
The region is at low elevation and can have swamps. In the mid-19th century, malaria and related diseases were common.[5] Bengkulu lies near the Sunda Fault and is prone to earthquakes and tsunamis. The June 2000 Enggano earthquake killed at least 100 people. A recent report predicts that Bengkulu is "at risk of inundation over the next few decades from undersea earthquakes predicted along the coast of Sumatra"[6] A series of earthquakes struck Bengkulu in September 2007, killing 13 people.[7] Bengkulu City has an area of 151.70 km ² and is located on the west coast of Sumatra island, with the province having a coastline of about 525 km in length. The area of this city lies parallel to the mountains of Bukit Barisan and face to face with the Indian Ocean.
Governance[edit]
Administrative division[edit]
The City of Bengkulu comprised eight administrative districts (kecamatan) at the time of the 2010 Census, but subsequently, a ninth district (Singaran Pati) was formed out of the northwest half of the existing Gading Cempaka District. The districts are listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census[3] and the 2020 Census,[4] together with the official estimates as of mid-2022.[1] The table also includes the numbers of administrative villages (all classed as urban kelurahan) in each district and its postcodes.
| Kode
Wilayah |
Name of
District (kecamatan) |
Area
in km2 |
Pop'n
Census 2010 |
Pop'n
Census 2020 |
Pop'n
Estimate mid 2022 |
No.
of villages |
Post
codes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17.71.01 | Selebar | 46.36 | 46,211 | 79,498 | 85,970 | 6 | 38211, 38213,
38214, 38216 |
| 17.71.05 | Kampung Melayu | 23.14 | 28,372 | 43,986 | 46,520 | 6 | 38215, 38216 |
| 17.71.02 | Gading Cempaka | 14.42 | 78,767 | 38,848 | 38,870 | 5 | 38221, 38225,
38229 |
| 17.71.06 | Ratu Agung
(Queen Agung) |
11.02 | 49,255 | 50,562 | 50,150 | 8 | 38223, 38224,
38227, 38228 |
| 17.71.07 | Ratu Samban
(Queen Samban) |
2.84 | 24,624 | 21,344 | 21,230 | 9 | 38221, 38222,
38223, 38227 |
| 17.71.09 | Singaran Pati | 14.44 | (a) | 41,304 | 41,040 | 6 | 38221, 38224,
38226, 38229 |
| 17.71.03 | Teluk Segara
(Segara Bay) |
2.76 | 23,998 | 22,041 | 22,000 | 13 | !38113 - 38119 |
| 17.71.08 | Sungai Serut
(Serut River) |
13.53 | 21,981 | 25,255 | 25,550 | 7 | 38119 |
| 17.71.04 | Muara Bangka Hulu | 23.18 | 35,336 | 50,663 | 53,500 | 7 | 38121, 38122,
38125, 38126 |
| Totals | 151.70 | 308,544 | 373,591 | 384,841 | 67 |
Note: (a) the 2010 population of the new Singaran Piti District is included in the figure for Gading Cempaka District, from which it was later split off.
Climate[edit]
Bengkulu has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with very heavy rainfall year-round.
| Climate data for Bengkulu | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.3 (88.3) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.8 (89.2) |
32.0 (89.6) |
32.1 (89.8) |
31.9 (89.4) |
31.7 (89.1) |
31.6 (88.9) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.5 (88.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.6 (79.9) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.9 (80.4) |
27.2 (81.0) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.9 (80.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.6 (79.9) |
26.5 (79.7) |
26.8 (80.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.0 (71.6) |
22.1 (71.8) |
22.1 (71.8) |
22.5 (72.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.9 (71.4) |
21.4 (70.5) |
21.5 (70.7) |
21.9 (71.4) |
22.1 (71.8) |
22.2 (72.0) |
22.1 (71.8) |
22.0 (71.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 314 (12.4) |
270 (10.6) |
301 (11.9) |
285 (11.2) |
234 (9.2) |
189 (7.4) |
186 (7.3) |
205 (8.1) |
238 (9.4) |
363 (14.3) |
412 (16.2) |
363 (14.3) |
3,360 (132.3) |
| Source: [8] | |||||||||||||
Economy[edit]
Demographics[edit]
As of 1832, the population of Bengkulu, and its surrounding area, was estimated at 18,000 people. During that time, the region had a varied population: Dutch, Chinese, Javanese, Indians, and more. Chinatown was located in the centre of the city.[5]
Education[edit]
Healthcare[edit]
Transportation[edit]
Media[edit]
The oldest newspaper in the Bengkulu region is Rakyat Bengkulu, part of the Jawa Pos Group. Several other newspapers such as Bengkulu Ekspress and Radar Bengkulu are also available.
The privately owned RBTV and BETV are the local TV stations based in Bengkulu. The public TVRI Lampung has also covered the city.
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023, Kota Bengkulu Dalam Angka 2023 (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1771)
- ^ "Penduduk Menurut Wilayah dan Agama yang Dianut: Provinsi Bengkulu" [Population by Region and Religion Followed: Bengkulu Province]. Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia (in Indonesian). Archived from the original on 25 December 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
- ^ a b Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
- ^ a b Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.
- ^ a b Roberts, Edmund (1837). Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat. New York: Harper & Brothers. pp. 38–40. Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- ^ Andrew C. Revkin (5 December 2006). "Indonesian Cities Lie in Shadow of Cyclical Tsunami". The New York Times (Late Edition (East Coast)) p. A.5.
- ^ Gelling, Peter (15 September 2007). "With Every Rumble, Indonesians Fear Additional Ruin". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 19 February 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
- ^ "Bengkulu climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Bengkulu water temperature - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Archived from the original on 25 December 2021. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
Bibliography[edit]
- Ricklefs, M. C., A History of Modern Indonesia since c. 1300 (2de édition), 1993
Provincial capitals in Indonesia | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sumatra |  | |
| Java | ||
| Kalimantan | ||
| Lesser Sunda | ||
| Sulawesi | ||
| Maluku | ||
| Papua | ||
| Former provincial capitals | ||
| 2,000,000 and more | |
|---|---|
| 1,000,000–1,999,999 | |
| 500,000–999,999 | |
| 300,000–499,999 | |
| 200,000–299,999 | |
Note: Bold are the Capital city of Province | |